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Speaking, Listening, Viewing
Theory and Principles: (pdf) Essential skills for speaking, listening and viewing are constant across the grade levels. Specific expectations for each grade level depend on factors such as the literacy expectations of the grade level and the developmental stage of the students. As students make progress with language learning, they learn to use language for individual needs, a variety of purposes and a wide range of audiences. The following is a list of important speaking, listening, and viewing skills for Grades K-12: K-12 Important Speaking Skills At appropriate developmental levels, students will: • respond appropriately to speaker’s messages (both verbal and nonverbal). • choose and adapt spoken language according to the audience, purpose, and occasion. • articulate and support a personal point of view. • use tone and rate of speech appropriate to content. • gain increasing control of grammar (e.g., subject/verb agreement, complete sentences, correct tense). • use specific vocabulary. • make appropriate contributions to small and large group discussions. • clearly make announcements and give directions. • monitor their understanding of the spoken message and seek clarification as needed. K – 12 Important Listening Skills At appropriate developmental levels, students will: • listen to gather information, solve problems and enjoy literature. • listen for main points and supporting evidence. • listen responsively to oral information. • listen to identify examples of rich language such as similes and metaphors. • monitor their understanding of the spoken message and seek clarification as needed. K-12 Important Viewing Skills At appropriate developmental levels, students will: • view for enjoyment, gathering information, and problem solving. • view to identify the main idea, points of view, and specific details. • view to use information for prediction, inference, and comparison. • view to identify persuasion tactics of media. Grade – Kindergarten Grade – 1 Students will: • use appropriate articulation, pronunciation, volume, and inflection with support. • initiate conversations. • listen and view responsively by using eye contact, body language, and focus. • use language to describe objects, events, ideas, or feelings. • follow and give a three-step direction. • monitor understanding of the spoken message and seek clarification as needed. • gain increasing control of spoken grammar, such as subject-verb agreement, complete sentences, and correct tense. • participate appropriately in group discussions. • make clear announcements. • use verbal fluency (e.g., tone, rate, rhythm, and expression). • listen to and view presentations to gather information, solve problems, and enjoy literature. • listen and talk about experiences, customs, and cultures. • present dramatic interpretations of experiences, stories, poems, and/or plays. • listen responsively to rhymes, alliteration, songs, conversations, contemporary and classic stories, and to other texts read aloud. • identify and generate rhymes and alliteration. • retell stories. Grade – 2 Students will: • use appropriate articulation, pronunciation, volume, and inflection with support. • listen and view responsively by using eye contact, body language, and focus. • follow and give a multi-step direction. • monitor understanding of the spoken message and seek clarification as needed. • gain increasing control of spoken grammar, such as subject-verb agreement, complete sentences, and correct tense. • make appropriate contributions to small or large group discussions. • use verbal fluency (e.g. tone, rate, rhythm and expression). • use tone and rate of speech appropriate to context. • ask and answer topic-related questions. • listen to and view presentations to gather information, solve problems, and enjoy literature. • compare stories and other literature that reflect different regions, customs, and cultures. • present dramatic interpretations of experiences, stories, poems, and/or plays. • listen responsively to stories and other texts read aloud. • identify examples of onomatopoeia. • retell stories. Grade – 3 Students will: • use appropriate articulation, pronunciation, volume, and inflection. • listen and view responsively by using eye contact, body language, and focus. • monitor understanding of the spoken message and seek clarification as needed. • listen to identify examples of rich language such as similes and metaphors. • present dramatic interpretations of experiences, stories, poems, and/or plays. • gain increasing control of grammar (e.g., correct use of irregular past tense verbs). • make introductions. • use verbal fluency (e.g., tone, rate, rhythm and expression). • view and demonstrate comprehension of a variety of visual media. • make prepared presentations to a group. • use visuals to clarify concepts or to make the presentation more vivid (e.g., diagram, time line, picture). • follow and give a multi-step direction. Grade – 4 Students will: • use appropriate articulation, pronunciation, volume, and inflection. • listen and view responsively by using eye contact, body language, and focus. • monitor understanding of the spoken message and seek clarification as needed. • respond appropriately to speaker's messages (both verbal and nonverbal), purposes, and perspectives. • listen to identify examples of rich language such as similes, rhyme schemes, and interesting vocabulary. • present dramatic interpretations of experiences, stories, poems, and/or plays. • choose and adapt spoken language to the audience, purpose, and occasion. • demonstrate the ability to speak correctly. • listen for main points and supporting evidence. • view for main points and supporting evidence. • articulate and support a personal point of view. • make prepared presentations to a group. • integrate visuals to clarify and refine ideas before making a presentation (e.g., diagram, time line, picture). • Follow and give a multi-step direction. Grade – 5 Students will: • use appropriate articulation, pronunciation, volume, and intonation. • listen and view responsively by using eye contact, body language, and focus. • monitor understanding of the spoken message and seek clarification as needed. • respond to a speaker. • anticipate words, meanings and outcomes. • reflect what speaker has said. • listen to identify examples of rich language such as similes, metaphors, rhyme schemes, and interesting vocabulary. • present dramatic interpretations of experiences, stories, poems, and/or plays. • choose and adapt spoken language to the audience, purpose, and occasion. • view and listen effectively to spoken and audio-visual messages (e.g., stories, factual presentations, and directions). • draw conclusions. • understand and evaluate spoken and audio-visual messages by following a sequence of ideas. • make prepared presentations to a group. • integrate visuals to clarify and refine ideas before making a presentation (e.g., diagram, time-line, picture). • follow and give a multi-step direction. Grade – 6 Students will: • use appropriate articulation, pronunciation, volume, and inflection. • listen and view responsively by using eye contact, body language, and focus. • monitor understanding of the spoken message and seek clarification as needed. • listen to identify examples of rich language such as similes, metaphors, rhyme schemes, and interesting vocabulary. • present dramatic interpretations of experiences, stories, poems, and/or plays. • choose and adapt spoken language to the audience, purpose, and occasion. • anticipate words, meanings, and outcomes. • reflect what a speaker has said. • respond to a speaker. • draw conclusions. • continue to view and listen effectively to spoken and audio-visual messages (e.g., stories, factual presentations, and directions). • understand and evaluate spoken and audio-visual messages by the following: • follow sequence of ideas. • make informed reasoned inferences. • make judgments. • make formal presentations to a group. • integrate visuals to clarify and refine ideas before making a presentation (e.g., diagram, time line, picture). • follow and give a multi-step direction. Grade – 7 Students will: • use appropriate articulation, pronunciation, volume, and inflection. • listen and view responsively by using eye contact, body language, and focus. • monitor understanding of the spoken message and seek clarification as needed. • listen to identify examples of rich language such as rhyme schemes, figurative language, and interesting vocabulary. • participate in dramatic presentations (e.g., reader’s theater and role playing). • choose and adapt spoken language to the audience, purpose, and occasion. • anticipate words, meanings, and outcomes. • reflect what a speaker has said. • draw conclusions. • continue to view and listen effectively to spoken and audio-visual messages (e.g., stories, factual presentations and directions). • understand and evaluate spoken and audio-visual messages by • following sequence of ideas, making informed reasoned inferences, making judgments, and making interpretations. • make oral presentations with notes. • integrate visuals to clarify and refine ideas before making a presentation (e.g., diagram, time-line, picture). • give informative speeches. • select the appropriate word for the context using different levels of language (e.g., polite, informal, colloquial, and slang). • use oral language skills to accomplish the following: • clarify ideas. • solve problems. • make decisions. • paraphrase what is said. • use varied vocabulary. • voice an opinion. • follow and give a multi-step direction. Grade – 8 Students will: • use appropriate articulation, pronunciation, volume, and inflection. • listen and view responsively by using eye contact, body language, and focus. • monitor understanding of the spoken message and seek clarification as needed. • listen to identify examples of rich language such as rhyme schemes, figurative language, and interesting vocabulary. • participate in dramatic presentations (e.g., reader’s theater and role playing). • choose and adapt spoken language to the audience, purpose, and occasion. • anticipate words, meanings, and outcomes. • reflect what a speaker has said. • draw conclusions. • continue to view and listen effectively to spoken and audio-visual messages (e.g., stories, factual presentations and directions). • understand and evaluate spoken and audio-visual messages by following the sequence of ideas, • making informed reasoned inferences, and making judgments and interpretations. • make oral presentations with notes. • integrate visuals to clarify and refine ideas before making a presentation (e.g., diagram, time line, picture). • give informative speeches. • support and defend ideas in a public forum. • Select the appropriate word for the context using different levels of language (e.g., polite, informal, colloquial, and slang). • use oral language skills to: • clarify ideas. • solve problems. • make decisions. • paraphrase what is said. • use varied vocabulary. • voice an opinion. • follow and give a multi-step direction. Grade – 9 Students will: • use appropriate articulation, pronunciation, volume, and inflection. • listen and view responsively by using eye contact, body language and focus. • monitor understanding of the spoken message and seek clarification as needed. • follow oral directions. • reflect what a speaker has said. • anticipate words, meanings and outcomes. • draw conclusions. • continue to identify examples of rich language such as figurative language. • continue to view and listen effectively to spoken and audio-visual messages (e.g., stories, factual presentations, and directions). • understand and evaluate spoken and audio-visual messages by the following: • follow sequence of ideas. • make informed, reasoned inferences. • make judgments. • make interpretations. • make oral presentations with notes. • give informative speeches. • participate in dramatic presentations. • select the appropriate word for the context using different levels of language (e.g., polite, informal, colloquial, and slang). • use oral language skills to accomplish the following: • clarify ideas. • solve problems. • make decisions. • paraphrase what is said. • use varied vocabulary. • voice an opinion. • debate issues and extend understanding. • support and defend ideas in public presentations. • demonstrate the ability to use language appropriate to a wide range of audiences for a wide range of purposes. Grade – 10 Students will: • use appropriate articulation, pronunciation, volume, and inflection. • listen and view responsively by using eye contact, body language and focus. • monitor understanding of the spoken message and seek clarification as needed. • follow oral directions. • reflect what a speaker has said. • anticipate words, meanings and outcomes. • draw conclusions. • continue to identify examples of rich language such as figurative language. • continue to view and listen effectively to spoken and audio-visual messages (e.g., stories, factual presentations, and directions). • understand and evaluate spoken and audio-visual messages by the following: • follow sequence of ideas. • make informed, reasoned inferences. • make judgments. • make interpretations. • make oral presentations with notes. • give informative speeches. • participate in dramatic presentations. • select the appropriate word for the context using different levels of language (e.g., polite, informal, colloquial, and slang). • use oral language skills to accomplish the following: • clarify ideas. • solve problems. • make decisions. • paraphrase what is said. • use varied vocabulary. • voice an opinion. • debate issues and extend understanding. • support and defend ideas in public presentations. • demonstrate the ability to use language appropriate to a wide range of audiences for a wide range of purposes. |
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